Trees

Trees are an important part of our world. They give us wood for construction and pulp for paper. Trees provide us habitats (homes) for all types of insects, birds and other animals. Many types of fruits and nuts come from trees - including apples, oranges, walnuts, pears and peaches. Even the tree sap is useful as food for insects and to prepare maple syrup - delicious!

Trees also help keep our air clean and our healthy ecosystems. We inhale oxygen and exhale carbon dioxide. The trees inhale carbon dioxide and exhale oxygen. We are the perfect team!

Trees do a lot for us, for our environment and other plants and animals in nature but love trees for many other reasons. Trees can also be very beautiful - so high that seem to touch the sky and so thick you could not embrace. Thousands of professional and amateur artists alike have painted pictures of trees and have written thousands of poems, songs and stories about them. I believe that almost everyone on earth have stopped to enjoy the beauty of a tree at some point in their lives.
 
Types of trees:

There are two main types of trees: deciduous and evergreen. Deciduous trees lose all their leaves during part of the year. In cold climates this occurs during the fall and then the trees have no leaves in winter. Usually deciduous trees lose their leaves during the dry season in hot, dry climates.

The evergreens do not lose all their leaves at the same time - always have some foliage. They lose only a few sheets at a time and grow new leaves to replace old leaves, but a healthy evergreen never completely run out of leaves.

 
Partes of parts of a tree:
Estate:
The roots are the part of the tree that grows under the ground. Trees have many roots - usually the size of the root system (the group of roots) is as big as the part of the tree protruding from the earth. This is necessary because the roots help hold the tree. Many roots are needed to sustain a tree 100 feet!

Besides avoiding tear down the tree, the main job of the roots is to collect water and nutrients from the soil and store them for when you do not have many available.
Cup:

The cup is made of leaves and branches on top of a tree. The cup provides shade for the roots, collects solar energy (photosynthesis) and allows the tree to get rid of excess water to keep cool (sweating - sweating like animals). The tops of the trees have different shapes and sizes!
Leaves:

The leaves are part of a tree. They are part of the tree that converts energy into food (sugar). The leaves are the food factories of a tree. They contain a special substance called chlorophyll - this Chlorophyll gives leaves their green color. Chlorophyll is an extremely important biomolecule, which is used in photosynthesis - the leaves use the energy of sunlight to convert carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and the Earth water into sugar and oxygen. Sugar is the food of the tree and is used or stored in the branches, trunk and roots. The oxygen is released into the atmosphere again.
Branches:

Branches provide support for efficiently distributing sheets according to the type of tree and the environment. They also serve as conduits for water and nutrients and for storing extra sugar.
Trunk:

The trunk gives the way to the tree and serves as a support for the cup. The trunk transports water and soil nutrients and sugar leaves.

 
Parts of tree:

There are a number of rings in a tree trunk. Each year in the life of a tree ring is added and this is why many people call annual rings. The rings are composed of different parts:
parts of the trunkCorteza:

The outer layer of the trunk, branches and twigs of trees. The crust serves as a protective coating for internal and delicate wooden tree. The trees are actually inner and outer crust - the inner layer of the crust is made of living cells and the outer layer is made of dead cells, somewhat like our fingernails.

The scientific name for the inner layer of bark is phloem. The main job is to bring this inner layer filled with sugar sap from the leaves to the rest of the tree.

Bark made many useful things including latex, cinnamon and some types of poisons. Since the crust is a layer that protects the tree from insects and animals, it is not surprising that they are often flavored, strong scents and toxins in the bark of different trees. 

Cambium:

The thin layer of living cells within the cortex called cambium. It is the part of the tree that creates new cells allowing the tree to be thicker every year.
Sapwood (xylem):

The scientific name for sapwood is xylem. This layer consists of a network of living cells that bring water and nutrients from the roots to the branches, twigs and leaves. He is the youngest wood tree - over the years, internal sapwood layers die and become heartwood.
Heartwood:

Sapwood heartwood is dead in the center of the trunk. It is the hardest wood of the tree, which provides support and strength. Usually its color is darker than the sapwood.
Marrow:

The medulla is the small dark living cells spongy area right in the center of the tree trunk. Essential nutrients are transported through and through. Its location right in the center means that the layer is more protected from damage caused by insects, wind or animals.